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Richard John Cork
Richard John (Dickie) Cork (4 April 1917 – 14 April 1944) was a fighter ace in the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy during the Second World War. Cork served in the Battle of Britain as the wingman for Douglas Bader of No. 242 Squadron RAF. Paul Brickhill states that in October 1940, he was awarded a Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC), which at the insistence of the Admiralty was exchanged for a Distinguished Service Cross (DSC).〔Brickhill (2009), p.166〕 However, Hugh Halliday corrects this myth and advises that the DFC was recommended by Bader but actually awarded as the naval equivalent, the DSC, in the ''London Gazette'' issue of 18 October 1940,〔Halliday (1981), p.144〕〔https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34974/supplement/6111〕 although he confirms that as squadron commander Bader insisted that Cork wear the ribbon of the DFC whilst serving with the RAF; this is confirmed by contemporary photographs.〔Halliday (1981), p.145〕
When he returned to the Fleet Air Arm, Cork served with 880 Naval Air Squadron in the Arctic, Mediterranean and Indian Ocean. It was during Operation Pedestal in 1942 that he became the only Royal Navy pilot to shoot down five aircraft in one day, and was the leading naval ace using the Hawker Hurricane.〔Thomas (2007), p.89.〕 He was given command of the 15th Naval Fighter Wing aboard before being killed in a flying accident over Ceylon in 1944.
==Early life==
Richard John Cork was born in London, England on 4 April 1917.〔Shores (1994), p.191〕 He was the son of Harold James Cork and Ethel Mary Cork, of Burnham in Buckinghamshire.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Royal Navy Officers )〕
In the months prior to the war the Royal Navy encouraged school leavers to enlist by offering them short-service commissions. Cork was one of those that signed up in 1939. Successfully passing an interview and medical, he joined the air branch and was promoted to acting sub-lieutenant on 1 May 1939.〔〔Barber (2002) p.9.〕〔Burns (1999), p.53〕 Attached to HMS ''President'' he was posted to No.14 Elementary and Reserve Flying Training School at Gravesend aerodrome where his flying course began on 21 August 1939. On 28 October 1939 on completion of his course Cork was posted to No.1 Flying Training School at Netheravon and on graduation from this school wrote in his flying logbook "Authorised to wear the flying badge with effect from 20 January 1940".〔Burns (1999), p.54〕
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